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developed for this project. The basic type of study
categories included systematic reviews, randomized
controlled trials, controlled clinical
trials, controlled trials, case reports, quality
studies and surveys. The animal studies
and basic laboratory investigations were
included in the classification process. Two critics
out this process independently,
compared notes, and in cases of disagreement,
these articles and recovered.
Criteria for inclusion
Types of studies. Relevant systematic reviews
controlled clinical studies involving the effects
measures of pain were selected. No language
restrictions imposed on the search
and filtering stages.
Types of participants. Pediatric patients with
primary diagnosis of cancer undergoing
painful and invasive procedure associated with the procedures
(LP, venipuncture, and BMA) was
selected.
Types of intervention. Hypnosis was used as
a specific intervention (including directed
by himself and the therapist).
Types of outcome measures. Patient and / or observer-
Clinical measures of physical
pain or physical pain and stress / anxiety was
recorded.
Excluded studies
Studies were excluded is shown in
Table 1.
Data collection and analysis
All relevant studies have been assessed and
Methodological quality was assessed.
Two researchers independently extracted relevant
information using a standardized data extraction
and critical appraisal form (DECA
form). These differences were resolved by discussion
and if necessary the third reviewer was involved.
Where appropriate, statistical advice was
requested. The DECA form was based primarily
to a standard published by the Center for Reviews
and Propagation, 32 following development
and checked by two researchers. The
evaluation criteria included details of the selection
participants, randomization and blinding,