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AFFECTIVEAND METABOLICRESPONSES
TO
HYPNOSIS, AUTOGENIC RELAXATION,
AND QUIETREST
IN
THE SUPINEAND
SEATED POSITIONS'
ANN
WERTZ GARVIN,' MALANI
R.
TRINE,
AND
WILLIAM
P.
MORGAN3
University
of
Wisconsin-Madison
Abstract:
This study examined the influence
of
hypnosis, autogenic
relaxation, and quiet rest on selected affective states and metabolism.
The influence
of
body position (seated vs. supine) on these same out-
come measures was also investigated. Anxiety, tension, and overall
mood were assessed before and
30
minutes after each treatment, and
oxygen uptake was measured continuously. State anxiety, tension, and
a general measure of mood were reduced significantly following each
intervention, but oxygen uptake did not change with the exception
of
small, transient alterations during the physical challenges performed
in the hypnosis condition. It is concluded that administration
of
a rou-
tine hypnosis induction to healthy individuals results in a reduction
of
state
anxiety and an improvement
of
mood commensuratewith effects
achieved by autogenic training and quiet rest, and these effects occur in
both the supine and seated position.
Quiescent modalities such as meditation, hypnosis, and various
relaxation procedures have gained in popularity with the search for
alternative interventions in areas such asmedicine,wellness, and health
psychology. Relaxation,hypnosis,
and
meditation treatments are often
viewed as minimal or passive treatment conditions in such research,
whereas quiet rest has been conceptualizedas a control or placebo treat-
ment.
This
can
be problematic, because participants in these "passive"
groups
are often found to differ from the intervention group (e.g., drug,
exercise, psychotherapy)
in
a number
of
ways that are recognized.There
is also the possibility that such group comparisons involve differences
that are not recognized.
l h s
is a particular problem when quasi-
Manuscript submittedJuly
28,
1999;
final revision received February
18,2000.
'This research was supported in part by
a
generous gift from the Donald and Diane
Masterson family and the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute under grants from
theNational
Sea
Grant Program, National Oceanicand Atmospheric Administration,
U.S.
Department
of
Commerce, and the State
of
Wisconsin. Federal Grant NA86RG0047,
Pro-
ject
Number R/NI-29-PD.
'Now
a t
the University
of
Wisconsin, Whitewater,
WI.
3Addresscorrespondence
to
Dr. William P. Morgan, Department of Kinesiology, Uni-
versity
of
Wisconsin-Madison,
2000
Observatory Drive, Madison,
WI 53706-11
89.
The
l n t m t i o m l
Journal
ofCl inicaf and
Experimental
Hypnosis,
Vol.
49,
No
1,
January
2001
5-18
0
2001
The
l n tma t i ona f
Journal
ofCltnical
and E r pmmm t n l Hypnosis
5
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